Filter string by non alphanumeric character. Filter for Manager only. If specified, all columns in <partitionBy> must come from it or a related table. If there is no match that satisfies all the search values, a BLANK is. Hi PBI Experts, i have two table which conains cu-invoicerency data ,my requirement need to convert local currency to USD courrency and i need to bring "fcurr" field into ap_invoice table Output like : but when i use lookupvalue dax function as " Tcurr Lookup = LOOKUPVALUE(TCURR[kurst],TCUR. You have to use your LOOKUPVALUE expression as a calculated column and not as a measure since the formula requires a row context. When <position> is out of the boundary, or zero, or BLANK (), INDEX will return an empty table. Anyone have a ny ideas would be appreciated. But I don't want the sum value are copying to every single row in TABLE B (Based on ID). Table 2. The TOPN function returns entire row (s) instead of a single value. CALCULATE (FIRSTNONBLANK (contacts [emailaddress1],1),FILTER (contacts,contacts [_parentcustomerid_value]=invoices [_customerid_value] )) Solved: Hi Community I am trying to return an email address in a contacts table asscoiated with the customerID in an Invoices table. Add a DAX calculated column to the SALES REPORT table: Value = Sales [QTY] * RELATED (Products [PRICE]) You can use LOOKUPVALUE to get the result from the other table if you don't have a relationship defined between the tables. Dynamics 365 + Power BI. However, It is looking up the full value in the ITEM_DESCRIPTION column. The main usage of this function is when it is used inside. Exchange Rate = LOOKUPVALUE ( 'Currency Rate' [Average Rate], 'Currency Rate' [CurrencyKey], [CurrencyKey], 'Currency Rate' [DateKey],. Below the Dax lookup command works initally what i need but there was changes to the values. I would like to have a weekly performance ie the value has increased/decreased by xx from the previous week. 1. RELATEDTABLE is the companion of RELATED, and it is used to traverse relationships in the opposite direction. A single value for column. Don’t know why. Step 2: Right-click on the Orders table and select the New column option from the menu bar. First, please do follow Best Practices and precede column names with their table's name. 0. But for direct query, I. guide/lookupvalue. The Group value associated with that top Value is in the row, but we need to be able to access it. The result table includes only values that exist in the ColumnName column. Hi everyone, I am using Power Pivot and I have two tables loaded to the data model that has no relationship because they have multiple values. I’ve tried with lookupvalue function and of course, it didn’t work. This function is not supported for use in DirectQuery mode when used in calculated columns or row-level. 45 5. Try the following DAX and if it helps then mark it as. First and foremost, data modeling plays a crucial role. Solved!09-24-2021 03:16 PM. LOOKUPVALUE - Returns the value for the row that meets. Lookup value based on multiple criteria. By using this function, you can easily extract relevant data for cost analysis purposes. Please close the Editor window and create a column and then try to use this formula. I have the following formula in resultColumn: ResultColumn = LOOKUPVALUE ( Table1 [Value]; Table1 [Code_t1]; Table2 [Code_t2]) It's working when each Code are unique in. It looks for a value of the column in a table and returns a single value. Assuming Employee is numeric but Wage is a text field (because of the leading zeroes) and assuming Employee can never be null, but wage can be: =Text. How to use it? In this example we need to connect data from these two tables. We will delve into its syntax, parameters, and best practices to ensure accurate and efficient forecasting models. The following measure formula sums SalesAmount_USD and uses the ALLEXCEPT function to remove any context filters on the DateTime table except if the filter has been applied to the CalendarYear column. If the REMOVEFILTERS function is supported by your tool, it's better to use it to remove filters. . So, we cannot refer to a measure in LOOKUPVALUE function. Exemple 1. Converting SQL query to DAX in Power Bi to get a single value from table. You can split a complex operation into smaller steps by storing a number, a string, or a table into a variable. Any way to extend this filter? ='Ownership' [Merchant]=LOOKUPVALUE ('Ownership' [Merchant], 'Ownership' [UPN], USERNAME ()) Solved! Go to Solution. PowerBI - Match Value from another table. To use the LOOKUPVALUE from another table, the steps required are highlighted below: Step 1: Import the Superstore dataset in Power BI using the Data Connection. My expected result would look like this, while I currently have the first 3 columns, the 4th is what I want to calculate. The first argument must be a table expression. It can be any DAX expression that returns a scalar value. In a calculated column of Employees, you can just write. This function is different from LASTNONBLANK in that the <column> is added to the filter context for the evaluation of <expression>. Because of the similarities between Tabular data modeling and relational data. I'd try storing the. If LOOKUPVALUE returns either FALSE or BLANK, DAX will consider it as FALSE. But please let me know if I'm wrong. When the result of a calculation is compared with TRUE, the engine can strip the comparison and return the calculation itself. Learn how to use the LOOKUPVALUE function in DAX to return the value of a column that matches a set of criteria from another table. It does however support hundreds or even thousands of potential calculation formulas and queries. The filtering functions let you manipulate data context to create dynamic calculations. Copier. Just create a new column using this expression: LookupName = LOOKUPVALUE (ClienteTableB [Name], [ClienteID],ClientTableA [ClientID] ) Note in my example, ClientTableA is the table you want to add the name column. The approach I would explore in M Code, not DAX. Exchange Rate = LOOKUPVALUE ( 'Currency Rate' [Average Rate], 'Currency Rate' [CurrencyKey], [CurrencyKey],. Now we can get the best player in the Country_Table using DAX function LookUpvalue or a combination of Calculate,VALUES and FILTER. Test the function by applying it to a sample dataset and verifying that it returns the desired values. It allows you to specify one or more conditions to filter the data and. The value of result_column at the row where all pairs of search_column and search_value have a match. However here is the catch. In the old vlookup, u can directly pull the first non blank row in order level status. 345 3. CHANNEL = RELATED('Sales Order'[Channel]) Confira também. But, is there any option i can use as default value incase there is no matching. The. Any tips on how I can replicate LOOKUPVALUE but in PowerQuery? I have Table A containing Currency & Date. OutputThe LOOKUPVALUE function in DAX is a powerful tool that allows users to retrieve specific values from a table in Power BI based on specified conditions or filters. I would like to create some kind of LOOKUPVALUE on text in DAX that will match a sentence with a particular keyword. All forum topics; Previous Topic; Next Topic; 2 REPLIES 2. This function allows you to filter a table based on one or more conditions. RELATED is one of the most commonly used DAX functions. = RELATED ( States [StateName] ) and you will have a column with the corresponding state name. This doesn't work at all for me. The result can be assigned to a variable, because TREATAS is not a filter modifier. A step-by-step guide to using the LOOKUPVALUE function in Power BI. There is a particular behavior when a column defined as Boolean data type is involved in an expression. . USERELATIONSHIP uses existing relationships in the model, identifying relationships by their ending point columns. Default values with lookup function. 0. Step 3: Enter the DAX expression in the formula bar to create a new column Salesperson in. Learn how to use the DAX function LOOKUPVALUE to return the value for the row that matches all criteria specified by search. Go to Table 1 and merge table 2 using ID as the key/lookup value. Sure. The lookup functions work by using tables and relationships, like a database. Taking the exact same code, and referncing. Definition. . 06-23-2020 12:01 AM. OfferedInBoth = VAR unitCode = Table1 [UnitCode] VAR unitCodeTable = FILTER (Table1, Table1 [UnitCode] = unitCode) VAR containsSession = SWITCH ( TRUE. You are using it in Power Query Editor which only accepts M. 05-16-2019 01:39 AM. I love LOOKUPVALUE. ok. For optimal utilization of the LOOKUPVALUE DAX function in budgeting dashboards, it is essential to follow some best practices. – Jon. Greg_Deckler. Download using URL. LOOKUPVALUE function is a Power BI Filter function in DAX, it returns the value for the row that meets all criteria specified by one or more search conditions. It works exactly as the function itself. 1 KB)To learn more about best practices when working with BLANKS, see Avoid converting BLANKs to values in DAX. DAX - How to lookup and return a value from another table based on 2 possible lookups. Value type] = "Percentage", <Average expression>, <Sum expression>)The <Search Value> for LOOKUPVALUE needs to be a single value, you're supplying an entire column. Return value. Power BI LOOKUPVALUE with a column of values for the search items? (VLOOKUP. Some function examples, like those in CALCULATE, DATESBETWEEN, DATESIN PERIOD, IF, and LOOKUPVALUE can be added to the sample model without modification. I have a delivery note date that i wish to determine is within my period dates, (From and To) which are in the same table. The goal of the project is to convert an old Excel file used as reporting into a power BI Project. The result of the lookup is used by the filter. This function is particularly useful in income statement analysis as it allows us to extract relevant financial data for further analysis and reporting. The following example returns the third tier manager of the current employee; it takes the employee and manager IDs as the input to a PATH function that returns a string with the hierarchy of parents to current employee. As I iterate through this table I'm attempting to grab the value of a column that existed. MVEntity = LOOKUPVALUE(ItemData[Entities],ItemData[Item Number],Page1_1[Item Number],"None") Here is what I want it to say in DAX - Entity = if itemNumber is not null then use item number to retrieve the entity name, otherwise use the itemdescription to find the entity. However, the. answered Jan 17, 2013 at 12:41. 1. Regards. the same applies for. The LOOKUPVALUE Function. User Table. = LOOKUPVALUE (rawdata [item], Day [date], rawdata [date], Day [category], 'オススメ飲食物', Day [center], rawdata [center]) みたいな感じ。. LOOKUPVALUE - A table of multiple values was supplied where a single value was expected. The Microsoft docs are pretty confusing about DAX LOOKUPVALUE function. The syntax for the lookupvalue function is. Hi . DAX LOOKUPVALUE on text/string. 0. I need to bring the LASTDATE Value in the Exchange Type Table toward another Table called Total. Based upon that resulting. Make sure to include the relevant columns and data that you want to. Alternative to LOOKUPVALUE function for use within a measure? 0. In a query where you want to see how many states an employee belongs to,. 06-23-2016 01:59 AM. So I added new calculated column called "Image" with following DAX and getting same value for each "Factor", here is dax for "image 1" column . The LOOKUPVALUE function retrieves the two values, Campaign and Media. . Nov 14, 2018 at 14:54. LookupValue: Find the Value. Where 'Dept Name' field in Roles = 'Department' field in Access, and RoleTitle in Roles = Title in the Access table. All forum topics; Previous Topic; Next Topic; 2 REPLIES 2. Roles. Anyone have a ny ideas would be appreciated. LENGTH = LOOKUPVALUE( DATA[Length], DATA[ITEM],REPORT[ITEM], DATA[UNIQUE_COUNT],1,"NA") it almost working fine but it will give a wrong result (item 123456 and 567) were my desired is "Mixed" in report table. 1 ACCEPTED SOLUTION. The filter context here is PARALLELPERIOD. I have already used the identical formula to return three other prices in the same table, so there shouldn't be a problem with the formula or the tables. One other way to do this is to use the LOOKUPVALUE functions alternative value field. The target is to add RLS feature so SalesMan can only see his results, and SalesManager will see his results and results of his subject SalesMen. Get Demo Files herethis video were going to cover how you can use the LOOKUPVALUE DAX function in Power BI to match data bet. It lets you define multiple criteria for extracting the desired data from a table. DAX SQL. What is Power BI. To use the LOOKUPVALUE function effectively in Power BI, follow these steps:1. DAX Filter Table To Replace Relationship. However, that table should be related to the existing table somehow in the model. From your formula it seem like you are asking for a value of the column "ID' in the table "Kunde" where the value of the column "ID" in the table "Kunde" is equal to a value in the column "Kunde ID" in the table "Angebot", so you are basically asking it to return the ID with you already have in your table. Is there any function in dax to find string like in SQL ( Like 'string%')SELECTEDVALUE( <columnName>, <alternateResult> ) Copy Conventions # 1. 0. Super User Mark as New; Bookmark; Subscribe; Mute; Subscribe to RSS Feed; Permalink; Print; Report Inappropriate Content 09-10-2020 11:40 AM. @Saxon10. Use FIND for case-sensitive. ภาษา DAX (Data Analysis eXpression) เป็นภาษาที่ใช้ในการเขียนสูตรของ Power BI และ Power Pivot ซึ่งเป็นภาษาที่มีหน้าตาภายนอกคล้ายคลึงสูตรของ Excel มากๆ แต่เบื้องลึกนั้นอาจมี. Hey guys, I’m trying to add 2 new columns to my business leader table: min date and max date of my timesheet table. DAX LOOKUPVALUE on text/string. O. Very new to using PowerBI & DAX but wanting to see if it is the better option for some of my reporting. //keshav. 1. Copier. -- Azure AS and Power BI Service) -- USEROBJECTID is the security identifier in Active Directory and. The ALLSELECTED function gets the context that represents all rows and columns in the query, while keeping explicit filters and contexts other than row and column filters. Hi, This calculated column works just fine. 0. The Related function can traverse multiple relationships in the model. I want to create a Measure to Lookup the "Group Role". In this video, I have e. This function allows you to filter a table based on one or more conditions. if the two items are equal filter will take those items make a virtual table and pass to the calculate and calculate simply gives you the first value of table 2 which is item is equal to. Follow edited Jan 19, 2013 at 15:07. Thanks for any help. (Optional) A table expression from which the output is returned. - use the DAX Time function when refering to time - use relate instead of lookupvalue (when the relationship is active) Thank you very much for your time and your help!In todays DAX Friday video, we will learn how to use the DAX Function called LOOKUPVALUE:Lookupvalue is very similar to excel's VLookup but there are some cr. SYNTAX LOOKUPVALUE ( <result_columnName>, <search_columnName>, <search_value> [, <search2_columnName>, <search2_value>]…For any Power BI-related project, LOOKUPVALUE, SELECTEDVALUE, VALUES and RELATED functions play an important role. Remeber we are unpaid volunteers and here to coach you with Power BI and DAX skills and techniques, not do the users job for them. On your code, you can set up a variable to store the result of the VLOOKUP result using the statement “WorksheetFunction. read more to replicate VLOOKUP in Power BI as well. By understanding the basics, syntax, and advanced techniques of the function, analysts can effectively retrieve the desired data points based on specific conditions. How to use it? In this example we need to connect data from these two tables. Use PowerQuery, or better yet, prepare your data in a database before importing it into PBI. C_Costs = LOOKUPVALUE(Tab[Cost],Tab[Name No],Table2[Name No],Tab[Name],Table2[Name]) Best Regards, Community Support Team _ Eason If this post helps, then please consider Accept it as the solution to help the other members find it more quickly. One of the common DAX filter functions is the Power BI Lookup Value function. The formula then finds the minimum value in the Freight column. I have a DAX filter to see if the user is merchant but want to extend to see if they belong to Manger or Director. I have the following formula in resultColumn: ResultColumn = LOOKUPVALUE ( Table1 [Value]; Table1 [Code_t1]; Table2 [Code_t2]) It's working when each Code are unique in Table1. In your case it would be lookupvalue (d [subject],d [course_id],f [course_id]). 88, the current row in the outer loop. 0. The LOOKUPVALUE DAX function is a powerful tool that significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of financial modeling in Power BI. 0. Option 1: If it possible to show the output in nagavtive number were is "Na" ans "Mixed". sale = LOOKUPVALUE (abc [sale],abc [Network],xyz [Network],abc [Country],xyz [Country],abc [Start. I am using LOOKUPVALUE, and it works for SVP, VP, and Manager. Make any necessary adjustments to the function or conditions. DO for the sample queries and removing the outdated part. . Community Support Team _ Yuliana Gu. We talked about LOOKUPVALUE a while ago; this is a simple function which returns the. This is a simple function which returns the value in a given result. [SalesMan] = "LOOKUPVALUE(Users[User],Users[Login],Username())" but it seems it doesn't work. However, we could create the calculated column with Lookupvalue function for the import mode table. We talked about LOOKUPVALUE a while ago; this is a simple function which returns the value in a given result column for the row that meets all the criteria. It takes multiple arguments, including the column to evaluate, the table to search in, and the conditions to match. have you tried LOOKUPVALUE you use it when RELATED is not an option dax. i. I am attempting to iterate over a virtual table that I have created using the addcolumns function. 1. In Power Pivot for Excel create variable: MaxStartDate:=MAX (Table1 [StartDate]) 2. PhilReturn value. Filter on LOOKUPVALUE (Power BI) I would like to create a new column in TABLE B to sum up the total weight from Table A. DimApp table. Related questions. . 3. video is part of DAX Guide, the online guide to all the DAX functions, with li. Use the COMBINEVALUES function to create new column in each table. Question: I would like to calculate earliest date of the next stage per candidate (if any) in Dax. However, sometimes, it’s better for the column to be looked up in Power Query. One of the common DAX filter functions is the Power BI Lookup Value function. You can create a calculated column with the LOOKUPVALUE DAX function in the sales tables, it worked for me. RETURN. Each of these sections will be imported into Power BI as separate tables. The following example uses the RELATEDTABLE function to create a calculated column with the Internet Sales in the Product Category table: DAX. Incorrect Totals in Power BI Table for MAPE. Access. From Power Pivot for Excel insert new Pivot Table. 06-28-2018 11:47 PM. I know I'm missing something simple but I can't fathom it out. Função RELATED. DAX Search a string for multiple values. 3, Do something else. RELATED and LOOKUPVALUE are working similarly to LOOKUP function in Excel. Based upon that resulting. If the manager ID is among the list of managers returned by the PATH function, the PATHCONTAINS function returns true; otherwise it returns false. FactRegister table. Sure. ROW 3 Krystle Te Raki. Labels: Labels: Need Help; Message 1 of 3 4,486 Views 0 Reply. DAX - How to lookup and return a value from another table. This absolutely works for this model and will work even when multiple different "Teams" are. Exchange Rate = LOOKUPVALUE ( 'Currency Rate' [Average Rate], 'Currency Rate' [CurrencyKey], [CurrencyKey], 'Currency Rate' [DateKey],. I need the measure to do the following, I've stepped this out so its easier to follow: 1. Exchange Rate = LOOKUPVALUE ( 'Currency Rate' [Average Rate], 'Currency Rate' [CurrencyKey], [CurrencyKey], 'Currency Rate' [DateKey], [OrderDateKey] ) Oikean päivämäärän ja valuutan keskiarvon etsiminen. 1. The function. One of them uses a date value to be compared with another date value. We cannot create calculated column with Lookupvalue function for the Direct Query mode table by my tests. DimUser table. The same logic would apply when payment type is Settlement. 3. The tables are joined by the ID column. As the link says, RELATED is more efficient. I've got the code below, but this retursn all rows, instead of the earliest date within that. DAX. What I am trying to do is create a measure that finds the maximum Valid_From_Dttm prior to 5/1/2108 for a specific project, where Project_Milestone_Name = Project Mature. The goal of the project is to convert an old Excel file used as reporting into a power BI Project. I am only getting results for entries where the 'current age'. This parameter cannot be an expression. Row Level Security - Explain why this DAX using Lookupvalue works for multiple results. LOOKUPVALUE('DIM_Locations to Products'[Location Name], 'DIM_Locations to Products'[Location_Id], DIM_Products[Location_Id]). I have 3 separate tables, each contains Account Name and Account Number columns. The problem is that the text is in a string and not a standalone value. RELATED Vs LOOKUPVALUE DAX. LOOKUPVALUE based upon aggregate function in DAX. Let me know if this helps. For Eg. (Optional) A table expression from which the output row is returned. returns the d_subject by lookingup f_course_id values in d_course_id column. Is it possible to convert the datatpye of ID column in MF table to Text when writing the dax code instead of changing it in Power query. A table with all its original columns and the added ones. Filter on LOOKUPVALUE (Power BI) I would like to create a new column in TABLE B to sum up the total weight from Table A. )12. VAR SelectedDate = MAX ('Calendar' [Calendar Date]) // Replace 'Calendar' with the actual name of your calendar table. To get the model, see DAX sample model. The COUNTX function counts only values, dates, or strings. Improve this question. Let me give you an. The LOOKUPVALUE DAX function is a powerful tool in the world of data analysis and modeling using Power BI. 1. To bring in a column from another table, Merge your lookup table with your main table on the common key. Super User Mark as New; Bookmark; Subscribe; Mute; Subscribe to RSS Feed; Permalink; Print; Report Inappropriate Content 09-10-2020 11:40 AM. I am only getting results for entries where the 'current age'. The new column will merge two existing old columns. I have two tables like this: Table1. , 'Table'[ID] = 'Table2'[ID] Essentially, I'm trying to merge data from multiple tables and I'm using the ID that exists in both tables to fetch Value2 from Table1 and save it in a. Indeed, if LOOKUPVALUE returns TRUE, then the condition is met. Welcome back to the Power Pivot Principles blog. Power BI and Analysis Services are case-insensitive by default. The FILTER function now returns a table where all rows have a value of. ภาษา DAX (Data Analysis eXpression) เป็นภาษาที่ใช้ในการเขียนสูตรของ Power BI และ Power Pivot ซึ่งเป็นภาษาที่มีหน้าตาภายนอกคล้ายคลึงสูตรของ Excel มากๆ แต่เบื้องลึกนั้นอาจมี. VAR Key =. Referencing a column from a virtual table within a LOOKUPVALUE function. DAX is a wrong tool for such tasks. 1) of the changes was with duplicate values. The table is Users and it has 2 columns, Name and ClientID. The LOOKUPVALUE DAX function in Power BI allows us to retrieve a value from a column in a table that matches the specified conditions. Either 'Decimal' doesn't exist, or there is no current row for a column named 'Decimal'. This should provide you a table of manangers, their names and ID. Whenever RLS filters are enforced on DirectQuery tables and there are relationships to other DirectQuery tables, be sure to optimize the source database. If the function finds no rows to count, it returns a blank. I have created several columns: Sales Total "foreign currency" where I multiply Sales Total in USD with a LOOKUPVALUE(ExchRate[Exchange Rate], ExchRate[Currency], "foreign currency",. 03-02-2018 02:45 AM. Hàm LOOKUPVALUE trong Power BI DAX. I may have values in there which would read Baseballbat only. The second argument is the column or expression that is searched by COUNTX. When <position> is out of the boundary, or zero, or BLANK (), INDEX will return an empty table. This is mostly a good choice, but it also comes with unexpected consequences. 4. 0) return PRODUCT_TREE[QTY]*childYield. 4. I have failed with Lookupvalue dax here as we the result of lookup returns multiple values and we will need to check all those returning records. Exemple 1. Any DAX expression that returns a table of data. LOOKUPVALUE returns the value from the Result Column Name for the rows that meet all the criteria specified by Search Column Name and Search value. Filter functions manipulate table and filter contexts. Write the DAX formula, utilizing the LOOKUPVALUE function in combination with other functions to calculate the variances. In other words, the function will not return a lookup value if only some of the criteria match. DAX Power BI. This should give me a new column with the following data: ROW 1 Krystle Te Raki. The first argument must always be a table, or any expression that returns a table. Best_Player = LOOKUPVALUE ( Players_Table[Player], Players_Table[Country], Country_Table[Country], Players_Table[RANK], 1 ) or What I am doing is seeing if the 'Functional Area' column is a certain value, then go and lookup the table that corresponds to that column, depending on the value. This is not a number, so I cannot use the calculate, can u. Use DAX to get data between 2 tables. otherwise divide 'Order Details' [OrderItemCostExTax] with the value in step 3. Learn how to use the LOOKUPVALUE function in DAX to retrieve a value from a table based on a set of criteria. If this post helps, then please consider Accept it as the solution to help the other members find it more quickly. By understanding the different DAX functions and their applications, we can utilize their power to perform break-even analysis and gain valuable. The COUNTX function takes two arguments. UPDATE 2023-03-17 : Fixed an incorrect description before example #11. Power BI offers DAX functions to easily perform several operations on your datasets. In Table1, columns Crew and Shift work with the LOOKUPVALUE function. In your scenario, rather than create a measure using IF statement, why don't you create a calculated column: Column: new = IF('Main'[Combined Metadata. DAX IF (OR ( and LOOKUPValue in one. There’s a bit of a learning curve to get this right using Power BI DAX functions. In this case, because the process is starting, it is the first row in the table. 0. In all of our VLOOKUP examples we will use the following dataset. It would be of great help if someone could assist with the dax logic. In this video, I have e. Learn how to use the DAX RELATED and LOOKUPVALUE functions to perform a lookup in your SQL Server data. I am trying to create a formula that uses a lookupvalue function within a measure (Which might not be the best way to solve my problem). By using the LOOKUPVALUE function in Power BI, analysts can gain. En esta ocasión v. A100. 0. I added a new column referencing to two different tables using LOOKUPVALUE but it won't show in PowerQuery. This worked well. Greg_Deckler. PARALELLPERIOD = CALCULATE ( [Total Sales], PARALLELPERIOD (‘Calendar’ [Date], -1, YEAR)) Let’s explain this function now. 4. If not found, Blank is returned. Thanks for any help.